Homeschool Laws by State
Here’s everything you need to know about homeschool laws by state.

Author
Kristy Howard

Published:
March 2025
Key takeaways
- • You can legally homeschool in all 50 states, as well as in the District of Columbia.
- • Requirements and oversight vary wildly by state!
- • Some states require minimum instruction hours and specific subjects.
Find Your State
- Alabama
- Alaska
- Arizona
- Arkansas
- California
- Colorado
- Connecticut
- Delaware
- Florida
- Georgia
- Hawaii
- Idaho
- Illinois
- Indiana
- Iowa
- Kansas
- Kentucky
- Louisiana
- Maine
- Maryland
- Massachusetts
- Michigan
- Minnesota
- Mississippi
- Missouri
- Montana
- Nebraska
- Nevada
- New Hampshire
- New Jersey
- New Mexico
- New York
- North Carolina
- North Dakota
- Ohio
- Oklahoma
- Oregon
- Penssylvania
- Rhode Island
- South Carolina
- South Dakota
- Tennessee
- Texas
- Utah
- Vermont
- Virginia
- Washington
- Washington D.C.
- West Virginia
- Wisconsin
- Wyoming
Homeschooling Laws by State
At a glance, here’s everything you need to know about homeschool laws by state!
Alabama
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 to 17
- Legal Options: In Alabama, there are three legal options for homeschooling:
- Private School Option: Requires filing an intent to operate a private school with the state. This includes your home being the private school.
- Church School Option: You can homeschool under the umbrella of a church school (also known as a “cover school”). The church school oversees your homeschooling, and you report to them instead of the state.
- Private Tutor Option (least flexible): Must be an Alabama-certified teacher.
- Testing Requirements: Standardized testing is not required by the state of Alabama for homeschooling under the private school or church school options. However, church schools may subject you to their own set of assessments.
- Required Subjects:
- Language Arts (reading, writing, and spelling)
- Mathematics
- Science
- Social Studies
- Physical Education
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources
Alaska
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 7 – 16
- Legal Options: Alaska offers four homeschool options:
- Homeschool Option (most flexible): As long as you are a child’s parent or legal guardian, you may homeschool without other requirements.
- Homeschooling with a Private Tutor: Children can be taught at home by a private tutor who is a state-certified teacher.
- Homeschooling with Board Approval:You must submit a written request to the public school principal or administrator and receive a written excuse from attendance.
- Homeschooling as a Private School: This option requires filing several forms, maintaining records and filing an Affidavit of Compliance, and complying with standardized testing.
- Testing Requirements: Standardized testing is required by the state of Alabama for homeschooling under the private school option for 4th, 6th, and 8th grades. It is not required for homeschooling under the Homeschool Statute.
- Required Subjects: There are no state mandated subjects for homeschooling in Alaska.
- Other Requirements: There is no required notice of intent in order to homeschool in this state.
- Helpful Resources:
Arizona
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 16
- Legal Options: There is ONE homeschool option for families in the state of Arizona.
- You must submit an Affidavit of Intent to Homeschool (form here) and a certified copy of the child’s birth certification.
- Testing Requirements: None.
- Required Subjects:
- Reading
- Grammar
- Math
- Social studies
- Science
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
Arizona
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 16
- Legal Options: There is ONE homeschool option for families in the state of Arizona.
- You must submit an Affidavit of Intent to Homeschool (form here) and a certified copy of the child’s birth certification.
- Testing Requirements: None.
- Required Subjects:
- Reading
- Grammar
- Math
- Social studies
- Science
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
Arkansas
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 5 – 17
- Legal Options: There is one option for families in the state of Arkansas.
- Homeschooling Under the Arkansas Homeschool Statute: You must send an annual notification of intent to homeschool. The form is provided here.
- Testing Requirements: None required.
- Required Subjects: None required.
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
California
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 18
- Legal Options: California offers three homeschooling options for residents.
- Homeschooling as a Private School: There are a few steps for this, including filing a private school affidavit annually, maintaining a few, specific records; teaching subjects that align with what is taught in public schools; and instruction must be in English and taught by a person “capable of teaching.” (Parents do not have to be state certified in order to homeschool.)
- Homeschooling with a PSP (Private School Satellite Program): The PSP option is the one most commonly used in California, and the same requirements listed above apply here.
- Homeschooling with a Private Tutor: A child who is taught at home by a state-certified teacher (or private tutor) is exempt from attending public school. The instructor may be the parent, as long as he or she has a teaching certification. There are some required instruction hours for this option: three hours a day, between 8:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. With this option, there is no need to submit an affidavit or report any information to the state.
- Testing Requirements: None required.
- Required Subjects: None required (but should align with what is taught in the public schools).
- Other Requirements: If you opt to homeschool as a private school, 175 days of instruction are required per school year.
- Helpful Resources:
Colorado
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 17
- Legal Options: California offers three homeschooling options for residents.
- Homeschooling Under Colorado’s Homeschool Statute: Decide who will homeschool your child. Per Colorado homeschooling laws, “You must be the child’s parent, legal guardian or an adult relative designated by the parent. No other qualifications or licenses are required.” (source) Submit a letter of intent to the school district at least 14 days before you begin homeschooling. Teach required subjects, keep records, and comply with standardized testing.
- Homeschooling with an Independent School: Colorado law allows for children to be enrolled in established “independent schools,” where parents may teach their children at home under the schools’ supervision. It is also possible for two or more homeschool families to establish their own school by keeping minimal records, and providing instruction in the required subjects (in addition to complying with other state requirements).
- Homeschooling with a Certified Teacher: If you hold a valid Colorado teaching certificate, there are no notification, assessment, or other requirements.
- Testing Requirements: Yes, in 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th, and 11th grades.
- Required Subjects:
- The United States Constitution
- Reading
- Writing
- Speaking
- Math
- History
- Civics
- Literature
- Science
- Other Requirements: “Home school programs must have no less than 172 days of instruction, averaging 4 contact hours per day.” (source)
- Helpful Resources:
Connecticut
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 5 – 18
- Legal Options: Connecticut offers just one option for homeschooling, which may require a few, simple steps.
- Connecticut’s Homeschool law states, “It is suggested that homeschooling parents” do the following: Complete an Intent to Homeschool form for each child annually. (This form should be submitted to the school superintendent for a signature, and can be found here.) Review the Connecticut Core Standards. Keep a log for attendance and instruction hours. Maintain a portfolio for each child, which includes: samples of activities, projects and assessments, and any curriculum or resources that are used for instruction.
- Testing Requirements: None.
- Required Subjects:
- Reading
- Writing
- Spelling
- Grammar
- Math
- Geography
- United States History
- Citizenship
- Town, State, and Federal Government Studies
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
Delaware
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 5 – 16
- Legal Options: The state of Delaware offers three options for homeschooling.
- Homeschooling as a Single-Family Homeschool: This option simply means that you are the parent or legal guardian of the child(ren) you are homeschooling, and that instruction will happen in your own home. Every year on (or before) September 30, you will submit a statement of student enrollment for your child. In order to do this, you will create an account on the Delaware Education website and submit the enrollment via the provided form.
- Homeschooling as Multi-Family Homeschool: The only difference with this option is that more than one family is homeschooling together. Connecticut law requires multi-family homeschools to appoint a person to act as a liaison to the Department of Education. This liaison will be responsible for submitting the attendance and enrollment information for all the families involved in the multi-family homeschool. (The submissions and forms are the same as described in the first option, above.)
- Homeschooling with the Local School District: This option is similar to option one, with the additional step of being coordinated with the local school district. In order to become “coordinated” with the local public school district, you must ask the superintendent to state (in writing) that your child will be provided with instruction by his or her parents (or legal guardians) in the subjects also taught in public school. Every year on (or before) September 30, you will submit a statement of student enrollment for your child. Teach the same subjects being taught in the Connecticut public schools.
- Testing Requirements: None.
- Required Subjects: None (unless opting to “coordinate” with the superintendent, then subjects must be the same as those taught in Connecticut public schools).
- Other Requirements: Every year, on or before July 31, you must report end-of-year attendance. (Access the form here.)
- Helpful Resources:
Florida
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 16
- Legal Options: Florida provides three options for home educators:
- Homeschooling Under the Florida Homeschool Statute: You must file an annual intent to homeschool within 30 days of beginning your homeschool program. Keep records (a portfolio) for each child you homeschool. (Per Florida homeschooling laws, the portfolio must include: a log of educational activities and samples of completed work.)
- Homeschooling Under a Private School “Umbrella” Program: With this option, you can enroll your child in a private school that is registered with the Florida Department of Education and that will oversee your homeschool program. These schools are often referred to as “umbrella” or “cover” schools, because your homeschool program is supervised by them rather than by local school officials.
- Homeschooling with a Private Tutor: Your child may be instructed at home by a state-certified teacher. The teacher who is tutoring your child is required to keep and submit all records required by the Florida Department of Education, as well as provide 180 days of instruction each school year.
- Testing Requirements: Homeschooled students are required to have annual evaluations.
- Required Subjects: None.
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
Georgia
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 16
- Legal Options: Georgia offers just one option for homeschooling.
- Homeschool Statute: Under the Georgia homeschool law, the personal instructing your child must have a high school diploma or GED; you must submit an annual declaration of intent; teach required subjects; keep records; and provide the equivalent of 180 school days (which each day including at least four-and-a-half hours of instruction) per school year.
- Testing Requirements: Children must be tested every three years once they reach third grade.
- Required Subjects:
- Math
- English Language Arts
- Science
- Social Studies
- Reading
- Other Requirements: “The local school must validate each subject content area your child/children took while being enrolled in a home study program. This validation process may vary slightly from school district to school district.” (source)
- Helpful Resources:
Hawaii
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 5 – 18
- Legal Options: Hawaii offers one option for homeschooling.
- Homeschool Statute: Under this statute, you must submit a letter of intent, ensure your curriculum complies with the state, keep records and submit annual progress reports.
- Testing Requirements: Children must be tested in 3rd, 5th, 8th, and 10th grades.
- Required Subjects (for elementary):
- Language Arts
- Math
- Social Studies
- Science
- Art
- Music
- Health
- Physical Education
- Required Subjects (for secondary education):
- Social Studies
- English
- Math
- Science
- Health
- Physical Education
- Guidance
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
Idaho
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 7 – 16
- Legal Options: The state of Idaho provides one, extremely hands-off option for homeschooling.
- Homeschool Statute: To homeschool in the state of Idaho, parents must simply decide who will instruct their child(ren) and teach required subjects. No letter of intent is required, unless a child has been previously enrolled in public school.
- Testing Requirements: None.
- Required Subjects:
- Language Arts and Communication
- Math
- Science
- Social Studies
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
Illinois
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 17
- Legal Options: In Illinois, homeschooling is regarded as a private school and offers one option for home educators.
- Homeschooling Under the Private School Statute: To homeschool in Illinois, you must simply teach required subjects and provide instruction in English. No record-keeping or reporting is required.
- Testing Requirements: None.
- Required Subjects:
- Language Arts
- Math
- Biological and Physical Sciences
- Fine Arts
- Physical Development and Health
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
Indiana
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 7 – 18
- Legal Options: “Homeschools in Indiana are referred to as non-public, non-accredited schools,” and must operate under the Private School Statute. (source)
- Homeschooling Under the Private School Statute: To homeschool in Indiana, instruction must be provided in English; parents (or assigned educators) must teach for the required number of days (typically 180 days per school year); keep attendance records; provide information to the state, if required.
- Testing Requirements: None.
- Required Subjects: None required, just “instruction equivalent to that given in public schools.” (source)
- Other Requirements: “State law does not require state testing, or any other testing, for children in homeschools. However, home educated children may take state standardized tests if they are enrolled in a particular educational program or initiative offered by a public or accredited non-public school.” (source)
- Helpful Resources:
Iowa
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 16
- Legal Options: Iowa offers five options for homeschooling.
- Homeschooling by Independent Private Instruction (IPI): With this option, you must teach required subjects, and provide basic information of your homeschool program if requested by the school district. You have access to some public school programs with this option.
- Homeschooling by Opt-Out: This allows parents to homeschool their children) while “opting out” of forms, record keeping, testing, and reporting to the state. This option also provides access to some public school programs. Read more.
- Homeschooling with an Annual Assessment: Requires submitting a form and proof of vaccinations (or exemptions), have a course of study and use a plan, submit annual assessments. You have access to public school programs with this option.
- Homeschooling with a Supervising Teacher: With this option, you must submit a form, information about your homeschool program, and proof of vaccinations (or exemptions). Instruction must be given by a state-certified teacher, and for a required number of days (148) per school year. You have access to public school programs with this option.
- Homeschooling with a Homeschool Assistance Program (HSAP): With this option, a homeschooled student’s teacher and course of study is assigned by the local public school, but the student is not considered a public school student. Schools provide curriculum, resources, and full access to programs to families participating in a HSAP.
- Testing Requirements: This depends on which homeschooling option you choose. If your student is being educated under supervision of a local school district, then you must comply with required assessments and tests of your local ISD.
- Required Subjects: (Depends on which homeschooling option you choose.)
- Math
- Reading
- Language Arts
- Science
- Social Studies
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
Kansas
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 7 – 18
- Legal Options: Homeschooling in Kansas requires a bit of structure and oversight, similar to that of a private school.
- Homeschooling as a Non-Accredited Private School: You must register your homeschool program with the Department of Education, then set up your homeschool with a “competent” instructor who teaches for the required number of days (186 per school year).
- Testing Requirements: Annual tests are not required for homeschoolers, but the state does require periodic testing. Parents may choose from approved standardized tests.
- Required Subjects: None.
- Other Requirements: “Classes must be held for a period of time which is substantially equivalent to the time public schools are in session. The time required for public schools is at least 186 days of not less than 6 hours per day, or 1,116 hours per year for grades 1 – 11.” (source)
- Helpful Resources:
Kentucky
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 18
- Legal Options: Kentucky offers just one option for homeschooling, which requires a few steps and some recording keeping.
- Homeschooling Under the Private School Statute: You must submit an annual private school notice of attendance in order to homeschool in Kentucky. Other requirements include tracking attendance and academic progress (report cards), and teaching required subjects, in English, for a required number of days (1,062 hours over a period of 170 days).
- Testing Requirements: None.
- Required Subjects:
- Reading
- Writing
- Spelling
- Grammar
- History
- Math
- Science
- Civics
- Other Requirements: “Parents of children who are homeschooled are required to… notify the superintendent of the local school board in writing within ten days of the beginning of the school year of their intent to homeschool their child(ren) each year they homeschool. The letter must include the name, ages and residence of each child in attendance of the homeschool.” (source)
- Helpful Resources:
Louisiana
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 5 – 18
- Legal Options: Louisiana offers two options for homeschooling.
- Homeschooling as a Home Study Program: This option requires an annual registration with the Louisiana Board of Elementary and Secondary Education. As a home educator, you will have required subjects and a required number of instruction days (180) per school year.
- Homeschooling as a Nonpublic School Not Seeking State Approval: This option is a bit more flexible, but requires an annual notice of attendance to the Louisiana Board of Elementary and Secondary Education, and 180 days of instruction per school year.
- Testing Requirements: None.
- Required Subjects: (all grades)
- Reading
- Writing
- Math
- Science
- Social Studies
- Additional Required Subjects: (for high school)
- Health
- Physical Education
- Fine Arts
- Foreign Language
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
Maine
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 17
- Legal Options: Maine offers two options for homeschooling.
- Homeschooling Under Maine’s Home Instruction Option: To homeschool under this option, you must file a one-time notice of intent and then an annual letter to the local school superintendent. (Maine’s homeschool laws and required forms are provided here.) You will also teach required subjects for the required number of days (175 annual).
- Homeschooling as a Student of a Private School: With this option, parents may homeschool their children by registering their homeschool program as a Recognized as Equivalent Private School (REPS). This allows families to fulfill the state attendance laws while educating at home.
- Testing Requirements: Homeschoolers must submit assessment results to the local school superintendent at the end of each school year (no later than September 1).
- Required Subjects for Option 1:
- English and Language Arts
- Math
- Science
- Social Studies
- Physical Health and Education
- Library Skills
- Fine Arts
- Maine Studies (in one grade between grades 6 – 12)
- Computer Proficiency (in one grade between grades 7 – 12)
- Required Subjects for Option 2:
- English (read, writing, spelling, grammar)
- Math
- Science
- American History
- Maine History and Geography
- Government (including citizenship)
- Health Education
- Fine Arts
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
Maryland
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 5 – 18
- Legal Options: Maine offers four options for homeschooling.
- Homeschooling Under the Portfolio Option: You will need to file a note of consent with the local school superintendent, then keep a running record/portfolio of the following information: education materials, samples of work, tests, examples of your child’s writing. Under this option, you must teach required subjects and provide instruction “of sufficient duration.”
- Homeschooling Under the Church Umbrella Option: You will select and join a church umbrella prior to sending a note of consent. The church umbrella will provide support and supervision of your homeschooling, and will likely charge a fee.
- Homeschooling Under the Church-Exempt Umbrella Option: This option is the same as option 2, with the exception that a church-exempt umbrella is operated by a church that is exempt from state approval and requirements.
- Homeschooling Under the State-Approved School Umbrella Option: With this option, an assigned teacher from the local school will assist the home teacher (likely you), and will issue progress reports, grade tests, and supervise education progress.
- Testing Requirements: No.
- Required Subjects:
- Math
- English
- Social Studies
- Science
- Art
- Music
- Health
- Physical Education
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
Massachusetts
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 16
- Legal Options: To legally homeschool in this state, your homeschool program must be approved by the local school district.
- Homeschooling Under the Massachusetts Compulsory Attendance Law: You will be required to submit an annual notice of intent to the local school district; teach required subjects; keep thorough records; comply with required testing or assessments.
- Testing Requirements: Standardized testing isn’t mandated for homeschoolers in Massachusetts, but parents must provide annual “proof of educational progress.”
- Required Subjects:
- Spelling
- Reading
- Writing
- English Language and Grammar
- Geography
- Math
- Drawing
- Music
- United States History and Constitution
- Duties of Citizenship
- Health (including CPR)
- Physical Education
- Good Behavior
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
Michigan
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 18
- Legal Options: Michigan offers two options for homeschooling.
- Homeschooling Under Michigan’s Homeschool Statue: You may homeschool by using an organized education program that covers all the required subjects. There is no need to notify local school authorities or submit records.
- Homeschooling as a Nonpublic School: To homeschool as a nonpublic school, the educator (including a parent) must have a teaching certificate or Bachelor’s degree. You must provide an annual notification of intent and teach required subjects.
- Testing Requirements: None.
- Required Subjects for Option 1:
- Reading
- Spelling
- Math
- Science
- History
- Civics
- Literature
- Writing
- English Grammar
- Required Subjects for Option 2: (*high school only)
- Math
- Reading
- English
- Science
- Social Studies
- Health
- Physical Education
- *United States Constitution
- *Michigan Constitution
- *Michigan Civics
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
Minnesota
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 18
- Legal Options: Michigan offers two options for homeschooling.
- Homeschooling Under Michigan’s Homeschool Statue: You may homeschool by using an organized education program that covers all the required subjects. There is no need to notify local school authorities or submit records.
- Homeschooling as a Nonpublic School: To homeschool as a nonpublic school, the educator (including a parent) must have a teaching certificate or Bachelor’s degree. You must provide an annual notification of intent and teach required subjects.
- Testing Requirements: None.
- Required Subjects for Option 1:
- Reading
- Spelling
- Math
- Science
- History
- Civics
- Literature
- Writing
- English Grammar
- Required Subjects for Option 2: (*high school only)
- Math
- Reading
- English
- Science
- Social Studies
- Health
- Physical Education
- *United States Constitution
- *Michigan Constitution
- *Michigan Civics
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
Mississippi
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 17
- Legal Options: Mississippi offers one option for homeschooling.
- Homeschooling Under Mississippi’s Homeschool Study Program: In order to homeschool in the state of Mississippi, you must simply file an annual certificate of enrollment in your public school district. There are no other requirements.
- Testing Requirements: None.
- Required Subjects: None.
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
Missouri
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 7 – 17
- Legal Options: The state of Missouri offers one option for homeschooling.
- Homeschooling Under Missouri’s Homeschool Statue: You must teach required subjects for the required length of time. (Please see “Other Requirements,” below.) You must also maintain records of your child’s instruction hours, samples of their work, and other “credible evidence” of academic progress.
- Testing Requirements: None.
- Required Subjects:
- Reading
- Math
- Social Studies
- Language Arts
- Science
- Other Requirements: Homeschool instructors “offer at least one thousand hours of instruction, at least six hundred hours of which shall be in reading, language arts, mathematics, social studies, science, or academic courses that are related to such subject areas and consonant with the child’s age and ability. At least four hundred of the six hundred hours shall occur at the regular home school location.” (source)
- Helpful Resources:
Montana
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 7 – 16
- Legal Options: Montana offers one option for homeschooling.
- Homeschooling Under Montana’s Homeschool Statue: You may homeschool by filing an intent to homeschool with the local school authorities, and keeping up with important records (attendance and immunizations). Other requirements include teaching specific subjects; providing the required hours of instruction (which varies between elementary and secondary schooling); and following local safety health regulations.
- Testing Requirements: None.
- Required Subjects:
- English Language Arts
- Math
- Social Studies
- Science
- Health
- Arts
- Career Education
- Other Requirements: “The minimum aggregate hours required by grade are: (a) 360 hours for a half-time kindergarten program or 720 hours for a full-time kindergarten program; (b) 720 hours for grades 1 through 3; and (c) 1,080 hours for grades 4 through 12.” (source)
- Helpful Resources:
Nebraska
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 18
- Legal Options: Nebraska offers one option for homeschooling.
- Homeschooling Under Nebraska’s Exempt Homeschool Program: You will set up a “private school” in your home and enroll your child(ren) in it. (The Nebraska Department of Education provides the needed forms to do this.) During this process you will also submit a certified copy of your child’s birth certificate. Another requirement is the annual Statement of Election and Assurance, stating that you comply with the mandatory instructor qualifications and required subjects.
- Testing Requirements: None.
- Required Subjects:
- Language Arts
- Math
- Science
- Social Studies
- Health
- Other Requirements: “You must provide 1,032 hours of instruction (elementary grades) or 1,080 hours of instruction (secondary grades) for the school year. The particulars of your school ‘calendar’ in providing those hours is up to you.” (source)
- Helpful Resources:
Nevada
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 7 – 18
- Legal Options: Nevada offers one option for homeschooling.
- Homeschooling Under Nevada’s Homeschool Statue: To get started homeschooling in Nevada, you will file a one-time notice of intent to homeschool with the local school authorities. Further requirements include teaching specific subjects, but there are no other requirements that involve the state.
- Testing Requirements: None.
- Required Subjects:
- English (reading, composition, writing)
- Math
- Science
- Social Studies (history, geography, economics, government)
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
New Hampshire
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 18
- Legal Options: The New Hampshire Supreme Court has passed laws supporting the right to freely homeschool, making this state a “low regulation” residency for homeschooling families. The state offers one option for home educators.
- Homeschooling Under New Hampshire’s Homeschool Statue: Your first step is to an initial notice of homeschooling with the local school authorities. (The recommended form is provided by the New Hampshire Department of Education here.) You will also need to teach required subjects, keep good records (include a student portfolio), and evaluate your child’s academic progress annually.
- Testing Requirements: While annual evaluations are required, homeschoolers in New Hampshire are exempt from taking yearly standardized tests. Parents may choose whatever academic evaluation they prefer.
- Required Subjects:
- Science
- Math
- Language
- Government
- History
- Health
- Reading
- Writing
- Spelling
- United States and New Hampshire Constitutions
- Exposure to Art and Music
- Other Requirements: “The parent shall maintain a portfolio of records and materials relative to the home education program. The portfolio shall consist of a log which designates by title the reading materials used, and also samples of writings, worksheets, workbooks, or creative materials used or developed by the child. Such portfolio, which at all times remains the property of the parent, shall be preserved for 2 years from the date of the ending of the instruction.” (source)
- Helpful Resources:
New Jersey
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 16
- Legal Options: New Jersey offers one option for homeschooling.
- Homeschooling Under New Jersey’s Homeschool Statue: You are free to create a homeschooling program that suits your lifestyle and preferences with little to no state involvement. The only requirement is that home educators must provide instruction that is “equivalent” to what is taught in public schools.
- Testing Requirements: None.
- Required Subjects: None.
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
New Mexico
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 5 – 18
- Legal Options: New Mexico offers one option for homeschooling.
- Homeschooling Under New Mexico’s Homeschool Statue:You must have a high school diploma or GED in order to satisfy state requirements to instruct your child(ren) at home. You will notify the local school authorities of your intent to homeschool (more information provided here), teach required subjects for the required number of days (180), and maintain immunization records.
- Testing Requirements: None.
- Required Subjects:
- Reading
- Language Arts
- Math
- Science
- Social Studies
- Helpful Resources:
New York
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 16 or 17
- Legal Options: New York offers one option for homeschooling.
- Homeschooling Under New York’s Homeschool Statue: To homeschool in New York, you must submit an annual notice of intent to the district superintendent by July 1, as well as an Individualized Homeschool Instruction Plan (IHIP) by August 15. Other requirements include: comply with day, hour, and subject requirements, which differ by grade; file quarterly reports; comply with required standardized testing.
- Testing Requirements: Homeschooled students must comply with standardized testing every other year, beginning at 4th grade; then every year from 8th grade on.
- Required Subjects: K – 12
- Patriotism and Citizenship
- About Substance Abuse
- Traffic and Bike Safety
- Fire Safety
- United States and New York Constitutions
- Required Subjects: 1 – 6
- Math
- Reading
- Writing
- Spelling
- English
- Geography
- United States History
- Science
- Health
- Music
- Visual Arts
- Physical Education
- Required Subjects: 7 – 8
- English (2 credits)
- History and Geography (2 credits)
- Science (2 credits )
- Art (½ credit)
- Music (½ credit)
- Physical Education (ongoing)
- Health Education (ongoing)
- Practical Arts (ongoing)
- Library Skills (ongoing)
- Required Subjects: 9 – 12
- Math (2 credits)
- English (4 credits)
- Social studies (4 credits)
- Science (2 credits)
- Art and Music (1 credit)
- Health (½ credit)
- Physical Education (2 credits)
- Electives (credits)
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
North Carolina
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 7 – 16
- Legal Options: North Carolina offers one option for homeschooling, with two variations.
- Homeschooling Under North Carolina’s Nonpublic School Option: Within North Carolina’s homeschool statute, a “home school” is regarded as a nonpublic school. You may choose to either operate as a qualified nonpublic school, or a private religious school (or charter). Both options require you to declare a notice of intent with the North Carolina Division of Nonpublic Education (DNPE). Other requirements include: confirming that home educators are qualified (have at least a high school diploma); provide the required days of instruction; keep records of attendance and immunization; comply with annual standardized testing.
- Testing Requirements: “North Carolina’s law addressing the annual nationally standardized testing of non-public school students (both home and conventional) makes no exemptions for any reason.” (source)
- Required Subjects: None, but homeschooled students in North Carolina are required to take annual standardized tests, which cover the following subjects:
- English
- Grammar
- Reading
- Spelling
- Math
- Other Requirements: Homeschooling parents residing in the state of North Carolina must “operate (conduct instruction in) the home school on a regular schedule for at least nine calendar months of the year, excluding holidays and vacations.” (source)
- Helpful Resources:
North Dakota
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 7 – 16
- Legal Options: North Dakota offers two options for homeschooling.
- Homeschooling Under the Home Education Law: To homeschool under this law, there are two requirements: you must be the parent of the child(ren) you are homeschooling, and you must have a high school diploma or GED. A few other requirements: you must file an annual statement of intent; provide instruction for the required number of days (four hours of instruction per day, for a minimum of 175 days per year); teach the required subjects; and maintain school records.
- Homeschooling as a Private School: This option requires that you have a state-certified teacher’s license, and that you undergo a criminal background check. Other requirements include providing instruction for the same length of days that public schools are in session, and filing an annual statement of intent.
- Testing Requirements: Homeschooled students must take standardized tests in 4th, 6th, 8th, and 10th grades.
- Required Subjects:
- Math
- Language Arts
- Social Studies
- Science
- Physical Education
- Health
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
Ohio
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 18
- Legal Options: Ohio offers two options for homeschooling.
- Homeschooling Under Ohio’s Homeschool Statute: You must submit an annual exemption to homeschool notice and teach required subjects. There are no other requirements.
- Homeschooling as a Nonchartered, Nonpublic School: This option has quite a few more requirements. Teachers of a Nonchartered, Nonpublic (NCNP) school must have a bachelor’s degree, operate for the required number of days (see “Other Requirements”), teach required subjects, comply with state laws regarding education, health and safety, etc.
- Testing Requirements: None.
- Required Subjects for Option 1:
- English Language Arts
- Math
- Science
- History
- Government
- Social Studies
- Required Subjects for Option 2:
- Language Arts
- Geography
- History of the United States and Ohio
- National, State, and Local Government
- Math
- Science
- Health
- Physical Education
- Fine Arts, Including Music
- First Aid, Safety, and Fire Prevention
- Other Requirements: “NCNP schools must operate for at least 455 hours for part-time kindergarten, 910 hours for all-day kindergarten through 6th grade, and 1,001 hours for 7th through 12th grade each school year.” (source)
- Helpful Resources:
Oklahoma
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 5 – 18
- Legal Options: Oklahoma does not have laws regarding homeschooling, and provides an option for families wishing to educate at home.
- As long as you teach for 180 days, you can legally create a homeschooling program that suits your family’s needs and preferences.
- Testing Requirements: None.
- Required Subjects: None.
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
Oregon
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 18
- Legal Options: Oregon offers one option for homeschooling.
- Homeschooling Under Oregon’s Homeschool Statute: You must submit a one-time notice of intent to the Education Service District (ESD), and comply with standardized testing per state laws.
- Testing Requirements: Homeschooled students are required to take standardized tests in 3rd, 5th, 8th, and 10th grades.
- Required Subjects: Under the Oregon Homeschool Statue, parents may choose appropriate subjects for their homeschool program. “‘Appropriate’ depends on the educational goals of the family. If interested in state content standards, those are available here.” (source)
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
Pennsylvania
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 18
- Legal Options: “The requirements for a home education program [in Pennsylvania] are complex.” (source) To legally homeschool, there are specific steps to follow and four options to choose from.
- Homeschooling Under the Homeschool Statute: This is the most flexible option, and requires that you have at least a high school diploma in order to teach your child. You will submit a yearly notarized affidavit or unsworn declaration with the local superintendent. Other requirements include providing instruction for a specific amount of hours and days; keeping a portfolio for your student(s); and complying with annual standardized testing and assessment.
- Homeschooling with a Private Tutor: This option involves hiring a qualified (state-certified) instructor to operate your homeschool program. The tutor is required to file their certification with the state, undergo a background check, provide the majority of the instruction, and receive compensation for tutoring
- Enrolling Your Child in a Satellite Religious Day School: If your home is an extension or satellite of a religious day school, you may homeschool under this option. This also requires adhering to the required hours, days, and subjects of local public schools, filing an affidavit of compliance with the state, and complying with state testing.
- Enrolling Your Child in a Satellite Accredited Day or Boarding School: You may teach your children at home if they are enrolled in an extension or satellite of a day or boarding school. The school must be accredited by an association approved by the Oregon State Board of Education.
- Testing Requirements: Homeschooled children in Pennsylvania are not required to take state tests. However, scores in reading/language arts and math must be turned into the local school districts.
- Required Subjects: (at the elementary level)
- English (including spelling, reading, and writing)
- Math
- Science
- Geography
- History of the United States
- Civics
- Safety Education (including fire prevention)
- Health
- Physical Education
- Music
- Art
- Required Subjects: (at the secondary level)
- English (including language, literature, speech, and composition)
- Science
- Geography
- Social studies (including civics, world history, history of the United States and Pennsylvania)
- Math (including algebra)
Rhode Island
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 18
- Legal Options: Rhode Island provides one option for homeschooling.
- Homeschooling Under Rhode Island’s Homeschool Statute: You must submit a declaration of intent and receive approval to homeschool from the local school district. Instruction must be provided in English and must be “thorough and efficient.” Home education programs must include required subjects and keep a record of attendance.
- Testing Requirements: Homeschooled students are not required to take standardized tests in Rhode Island, but end-of-year reports must be submitted to local school authorities.
- Required Subjects:
- Reading
- Writing
- Geography
- Math
- History of the United States and Rhode Island
- Government
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
South Carolina
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 5 – 17
- Legal Options: Parents must choose one of three options to legally homeschool in South Carolina.
- Enroll in the South Carolina Association of Independent Home Schools (SCAIHS): This is the state’s most flexible option. You must have at least a high school diploma or GED; teach your child for at least 180 days per school year; your curriculum must include reading, writing, math, science, social studies, and, in grades 7–12, composition and literature.
- Enroll in a Homeschool Association with at Least 50 Members: Find a homeschool group with at least 50 members (groups are listed here). Comply with the group’s requirements, which include the steps mentioned in the first option and the following additional steps: keep records and samples of completed work, including a portfolio for each student.
- Homeschool Under the Homeschool Statute: This is the least flexible option in the state, and requires obtaining approval to homeschool from the local board of trustees. Additionally, you must comply with the requirements listed in the first two options, submit semiannual records, ensure your child has access to library facilities, and comply with annual testing.
- Testing Requirements: Homeschooled students under SCAIHS or other associations are not required to have standardized tests. Homeschoolers under district-approval are required to participate in annual state testing.
- Required Subjects: (*grades 7 – 12 only)
- Reading
- Writing
- Math
- Science
- Social Studies
- *Composition
- *Literature
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
South Dakota
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 18
- Legal Options: Oregon provides one option for homeschoolers.
- Homeschooling Under South Dakota’s Homeschool Statute: You must file a one-time (not annual) standard notification, either to the South Dakota Department of Education or your local school district. Instructors are not required to be state certified, but may not teach more than 22 students. It is recommended (but not required) by the state that homeschool instructors “keep a detailed academic record” of student attendance, grades, work, and progress.
- Testing Requirements: None.
- Required Subjects: Under the South Dakota Homeschool Statue, “students must be provided instruction in, at a minimum by law, the basic skills of language arts and mathematics.” (source)
- Other Requirements: “All children must attend kindergarten in South Dakota prior to age seven and not before age five. Families should file a notification when instruction begins.” (source)
- Helpful Resources:
Tennessee
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 17
- Legal Options: Tennessee offers three homeschool options for residents.
- Independent Homeschool: To independently homeschool in Tennessee, you must have a high school diploma (or GED) and must submit an intent to homeschool form to the local school district.
- Church-Related Umbrella School: “Umbrella” or satellite programs allow you to participate as a teacher in the church-related school under the supervision of the school’s director. Under Tennessee state law, you are subject to the requirements established by the church-related school for homeschool teachers. Additionally, there are required qualifications for instructing high school students. An intent to homeschool form is not required for students enrolled in a church-related school because these programs are approved non-public schools.
- Accredited Online School: You are not required to submit an intent to homeschool form for students enrolled in an accredited online school because these programs are approved non-public schools. Instead, you must provide proof of enrollment to the local school district.
- Testing Requirements: Independent homeschool students must take the TCAP assessment in 5th, 7th, and 9th grades. For options two and three, the church-related umbrella school or accredited online school is responsible for student record-keeping and testing requirements.
- Required Subjects: None for independent homeschoolers.
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
Texas
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 19
- Legal Options: The state of Texas views “home schools” as private schools and offers one option for homeschooling.
- Homeschooling Under the Homeschool Statute: You must use a written curriculum (online curriculum meets this qualification), and you must teach the required subjects in a “bona fide” manner. There are no other state requirements.
- Testing Requirements: None.
- Required Subjects:
- Math
- Reading
- Spelling and Grammar
- Citizenship
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
Utah
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 18
- Legal Options: Utah offers one option for legally homeschooling in the state.
- Homeschooling Under the Utah Homeschool Statute: You must submit a signed affidavit to the local school board, expressing your intent to homeschool. After the school board receives your affidavit, you will receive an excuse certificate acknowledging your homeschool program within 30 days, and a new certificate each year thereafter. (You do not need to refile your affidavit unless you move into a new school district.) There are no other state requirements.
- Testing Requirements: None.
- Required Subjects: None.
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
Vermont
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 16
- Legal Options: Vermont offers one option for legally homeschooling in the state.
- Homeschooling Under the Vermont Homeschool Statute: You must submit a notice of intent form and a home study independent professional evidence form the first year of your homeschool program, and a re-enrollment form each year thereafter. You are also required to teach specific subjects and assess your child(dren) annually
- Testing Requirements: Home educated students must take state-approved assessment tests every year. Parents are required to keep results for their personal records, but are not required to turn them into the state.
- Required Subjects: (for students under 13)
- Comprehensive Health
- Fine Arts
- Physical Education
- Required Subjects: (for students over 13)
- Reading and Writing
- Math
- Natural Science
- Literature
- Government/History/Citizenship
- Other Requirements: According to Vermont state homeschool laws, parents should “Consider developing a Minimum Course of Study (MCOS). This is the curriculum that you will implement for the equivalent of 175 days . Keep a copy for your records.” (source)
- Helpful Resources:
Virginia
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 5 – 18
- Legal Options: Virginia offers four options for homeschooling.
- Homeschooling Under the Homeschool Option: You will need to meet one of four teacher qualifications, listed here. File a notice of intent with the school superintendent, and provide an annual evaluation to show academic progress.
- Homeschooling with a Religious Exemption: With Virginia’s religious exemption statute, you may file an application to your school board requesting a religious exemption. Once you receive a reply granting the exemption, keep it in your records. You may need to file an exemption application each year.
- Homeschooling with a Certified Tutor: If you have a current Virginia teacher license, you can ask the school superintendent to approve you as a tutor. Once approved, you may legally tutor any children —including your own. If a child is being taught under an approved tutor, the child is in compliance with compulsory attendance.
- Homeschooling Under the Private School Option: Virginia law allows private school students to attend without physically being present, as long as attendance exactly mirrors the public schools. “The Virginia Department of Education does not regulate these private schools.” (source)
- Testing Requirements: Homeschooled students must provide yearly proof of academic progress to the local school board, either by standardized tests or other approved assessments.
- Required Subjects: None.
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
Washington
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 8 – 18
- Legal Options: The state of Washington offers two options for homeschooling.
- Homeschooling Under the Washington Homeschool Statute: You must meet teacher qualifications (outlined here), file an annual notice of intent, teach required subjects for a required number of days (180, or 1,000 hours per school year), and conduct an annual assessment of progress.
- Homeschooling with a Private or Denominational School: You may enroll in an approved private school and operate your homeschool program as an extension of the school. You will be required to comply with all requirements of the school’s extension program.
- Testing Requirements: Home educated students must take annual academic assessments in the state of Washington. Parents are not required to report the test results to the school board, but should keep them in their records.
- Required Subjects:
- Reading
- Writing
- Spelling
- Language
- Math
- Science
- Social Studies
- History
- Health
- Occupational Education
- Appreciation of Art and Music
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
Washington D.C.
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 5 – 17
- Legal Options: The District of Columbia offers one option for legally homeschooling.
- Homeschooling Under the Homeschool Statute: You will need to file an annual notice of intent form with the local education board each year. You will also be required to keep daily attendance records for each child; meet the required 180 instructional days per year; and maintain a portfolio providing proof of your child’s academic progress.
- Testing Requirements: Home educated students must take state-approved assessment tests every year.
- Required Subjects:
- English Language Arts
- Math
- Science
- Social Studies
- Art
- Music
- Health
- Physical Education
- Other Requirements: “Parents/ legal guardians are required to maintain a portfolio of the student’s education materials, which includes evidence of the student’s current work in a range of subjects (e.g., writing, completed work in mathematics, and assessments). This portfolio must be maintained for at least one year and be available to OSSE (Office of the State Superintendent of Education) for review, upon request.” (source)
- Helpful Resources:
West Virginia
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 17
- Legal Options: The state of West Virginia offers three options for homeschooling.
- Homeschooling by Seeking School Board Approval: If you choose to seek approval from the local school board, you will be required to teach certain subjects for 180 days per year. The board also determines the method of assessment you must use in your homeschool.
- Homeschooling by Submitting a Notice of Intent: You may also choose to homeschool by submitting a letter of intent to the school board or superintendent, assess your student annually, and submit certain records as needed. For this option you must have a high school diploma or GED
- Homeschooling by Participation in a Learning Pod: This option has the same requirements as option two, with the exception that you state your plans to participate in a learning pod in your notice of intent.
- Testing Requirements: The West Virginia homeschooling law “requires that each home-educated child of compulsory age be assessed every year in reading, language arts, math, science, and social studies. Parents must maintain copies of each student’s academic assessment for three years. The assessment results for students in 3rd, 5th, 8th, and 11th grades must be submitted to the county by June 30.” (source)
- Required Subjects:
- Reading
- Language
- Math
- Science
- Social Studies
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
Wisconsin
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 6 – 18
- Legal Options: Wisconsin offers one option for legally homeschooling in the state.
- Homeschooling Under the Wisconsin Homeschool Statute: You must file an annual state of enrollment form, and teach required subjects for the required amount of time (875 hours of instruction annually between July 1 to June 30).
- Testing Requirements: Home educated students must take state-approved assessment tests every year. Parents are required to keep results for their personal records, but are not required to turn them into the state.
- Required Subjects:
- Reading
- Language Arts
- Math
- Social Studies
- Science
- Health
- Other Requirements: Wisconsin state law requires that “the primary purpose of the program [must be] to provide private or religious-based education.” (source)
- Helpful Resources:
Wyoming
- Compulsory Ages for Attendance: ages 7 – 16
- Legal Options: Wyoming offers one option for homeschooling.
- Homeschooling Under the Wyoming Homeschool Statute: You must submit your homeschool curriculum to your local school board every year, showing that your child is receiving “sequentially progressive” instruction in the required subjects. There are no other requirements with this option.
- Homeschool as a Parochial, Church, or Religious School: You may enroll your child in a church school that allows you to teach your child at home. In order to qualify under this option, your homeschool program must be under the oversight of a local church, denomination, or similar religious organization.
- Testing Requirements: None.
- Required Subjects:
- Reading
- Writing
- Literature
- Math
- Science
- Civics
- History
- Other Requirements:
- Helpful Resources:
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About the Author
Kristy Howard
Kristy Howard is a Fort Worth-based writer, homeschooling mom, and lifelong introvert. When she’s not writing for clients, Kristy enjoys thrifting designer clothes, taking long walks in nature, and creating content for her lifestyle blog for introverted women.
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